Damage Conversion

Read conversion in two stages. A Skill's inherent conversion happens first. Conversion from supports, items, buffs, and passives then applies to the damage produced by that first stage. There is no fixed conversion direction in Path of Exile 2. If one stage tries to convert more than 100% of a damage type, its competing conversions are reduced proportionally to total 100%. Damage over Time cannot be converted.

The old damage type is removed

If 50 of 100 Physical Hit damage is converted to Cold, the result before damage modifiers is 50 Physical and 50 Cold. The Cold portion scales with applicable Cold modifiers, not Physical modifiers. It is mitigated as Cold damage and contributes to Cold-specific effects rather than Physical-specific effects.

Skill conversion happens first

Conversion inherent to the Skill is stage one. Conversion from supports, items, buffs, and passive skills is stage two and can convert damage created by stage one. A Skill that converts 60% of 100 Physical damage to Lightning produces 60 Lightning and 40 Physical before a Call of the Brotherhood converts that 60 Lightning to Cold.

Path of Exile 2 has no fixed conversion direction

Damage can convert from any damage type to another damage type. Fire can convert to Lightning, Cold can convert to Lightning, and Elemental damage can convert to Chaos. Do not apply Path of Exile 1's one-way conversion order to Path of Exile 2.

One stage cannot convert more than 100%

When competing conversions in the same stage total more than 100% of one source type, they are normalized proportionally. A 100% Cold conversion plus a 50% Fire conversion becomes roughly 67% Cold and 33% Fire, not 150% total converted damage.

The same type is not a conversion destination

A source type cannot convert to itself. This matters for broad wording such as Elemental Damage Converted to Cold, Fire, and Lightning. Painter's Servant does not convert existing Cold damage to Cold, so only its Fire and Lightning destinations compete for that Cold source damage.

Does Gain as Extra remove the original damage?

Gain a percentage of Damage as Extra Cold creates additional Cold damage without removing the source damage. In Path of Exile 2, that added portion scales with its new Cold type rather than retaining the source type. Regular conversion replaces the converted portion; Gain as Extra does not.

Damage over Time cannot be converted

Conversion and Gain as Extra apply to Hit damage, not Damage over Time. A special rule can change what damage type an ailment deals, as Blackflame Covenant does for Ignite, but that is an explicit exception rather than ordinary conversion of an existing Damage over Time effect.

The final type controls default ailment contribution

By default, converted Fire damage that becomes Lightning contributes to Shock rather than Ignite. Explicit modifiers can override this relationship. Voltaxic Rift lets Chaos Hit damage contribute to Shock, while Blackflame Covenant gives converted Chaos damage from Fire Spells special Flammability and Ignite behavior.

Damage taken as is a different mechanic

Damage Conversion changes damage dealt before the target receives it. Damage taken as changes the type while damage is being received. Damage taken from Mana before Life changes where damage is paid. Cost conversion, requirement conversion, and defence conversion are separate systems too.