Cold Resistance

Cold Damage is one of the five damage types. Cold Hits can Chill and build Freeze, but Chill Magnitude, Freeze Buildup, and Freeze Duration are separate values, and Cold damage from Hits cannot build Heavy Stun.

Resistances reduce damage of their matching type. Fire, Cold and Lightning Resistances are Elemental Resistances. Chaos Resistance is separate and does not benefit from modifiers that only say Elemental Resistances.

Maximum Resistance is the cap applied to a character's Fire, Cold, Lightning, or Chaos Resistance. The default maximum is 75% and the hard cap is 90%. Raising the maximum creates room for more effective Resistance but does not add the ordinary Resistance needed to fill that room.

Damage is classified on three independent axes: source, delivery, and type. A component can come from an Attack, Spell, Thorns, or another source; deal a Hit or damage over time; and deal Physical, Fire, Cold, Lightning, or Chaos damage.

A Hit is an instantaneous damage event. Any damage that is not damage over time is Hit damage, whether it comes from an Attack, a Spell, Thorns, or another effect.

Debuffs are negative effects that deal damage or penalise stats for a duration or while a condition is met.

Penetration causes the target's corresponding Resistance to be treated as lower than its actual value by the specified amount when of calculating Damage taken from your Hits. Resistances can only be Penetrated down to a minimum of 0% by default.

Chill is a non-damaging Elemental Ailment that slows action speed. Cold Hits can Chill without a separate application chance, but a calculated Chill below 30% Magnitude is discarded.

Freeze is a non-damaging Cold Ailment that prevents a target from moving or acting. Cold Hits can Freeze directly or add Freeze Buildup, and reaching 100% Buildup makes the target Frozen.

Ailments are damage-type-related debuffs: Bleeding, Ignite, Chill, Freeze, Shock, Electrocute, and Poison. Some deal damage over time, while others impair the target.